My post is a continuations of the OSPF Special Area Types. On my previous post, I have shared about OSPF Stub Area. We concluded that for Stub Area, there’s no ASBR which means that any routes redistributed into OSPF are not not allowed but rather they are replaced as default routes Type 3 LSA’s. So it means that Inter-Area Routes or Type 3 LSA were allowed. And it also means that Stub Areas routers are not allowing redistributed OSPF routes or Type 5 LSA. Another important concepts that we have proved is that there were no ASBR for STUB Area. On the LSDB of the STUB Routers, we cannot see any Type 4 LSA or ASBR Summary LSA.
Now, let’s discuss a bit about TOTALLY STUB AREA and will proceed with the laboratory. Totally Stub Area is more simplier that Stub Area. Any routers that belongs to a Totally Stub Area does not accept both Type 3 LSA and Type 5 LSA. What does this means to us? LSA Type 3 or Summary LSA is not allowed but rather the Totally Stub Router will see just a default routes. Period. No other routes will be seen for any redistributed routes into OSPF except for the Default route.
Below will be my network topology for the Totally Stub Area.
Laboratory objective:
1. Configure the routers as per the allocated areas.
2. Redistribute the Loopback address of MANILA router. Verify the contents of the LSDB on both the MELBOURNE , SYDNEY and SINGAPORE routers. Check what’s installed on the routing tables of the three routers.
3. Redistributed the Loopback address of SYDNEY Router into OSPF. Verify the OSPF database on MANILA, MELBOURNE and SINGAPORE router.
4. Configure MELBOURNE and SINGAPORE router as Totally Stub Area routers. Verify the OSPF database of all the routers.
4. Verify that SYDNEY Loopback interface can reach SINGAPORE.
SYDNEY Router Configurations:
R4#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R4(config)#hostname SYDNEY
SYDNEY(config)#int s3/2
SYDNEY(config-if)#ip address 192.168.14.4 255.255.255.0
SYDNEY(config-if)#no shut
SYDNEY(config-if)#exit
SYDNEY(config)#int lo4
SYDNEY(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.1 255.255.255.0
SYDNEY(config-if)#exit
SYDNEY(config)#router ospf 1
SYDNEY(config-router)#network 192.168.14.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
SYDNEY(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
SYDNEY(config-router)#^Z
MANILA Router Configurations:
R1#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#hostname MANILA
MANILA(config)#int s3/0
MANILA(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0
MANILA(config-if)#no shut
MANILA(config-if)#int s3/2
MANILA(config-if)#ip add 192.168.14.1 255.255.255.0
MANILA(config-if)#no shut
MANILA(config-if)#exit
MANILA(config)#int lo0
MANILA(config-if)#ip add 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
MANILA(config-if)#exit
MANILA(config)#int lo1
MANILA(config-if)#ip add 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0
MANILA(config-if)#exit
MANILA(config)#int lo2
MANILA(config-if)#ip add 10.10.12.1 255.255.255.0
MANILA(config-if)#exit
MANILA(config)#int lo3
MANILA(config-if)#ip add 10.10.13.1 255.255.255.0
MANILA(config-if)#exit
MANILA(config)#router ospf 1
MANILA(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
MANILA(config-router)#network 192.168.14.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
MANILA(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
MANILA(config-router)#^Z
MANILA#
MELBOURNE Router Configurations
R2#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#hostname MELBOURNE
MELBOURNE(config)#int s3/0
MELBOURNE(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0
MELBOURNE(config-if)#no shut
MELBOURNE(config-if)#exit
MELBOURNE(config)#int s3/1
MELBOURNE(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0
MELBOURNE(config-if)#no shut
MELBOURNE(config-if)#exit
MELBOURNE(config)#int lo2
MELBOURNE(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
MELBOURNE(config-if)#exit
MELBOURNE(config)#router ospf 1
MELBOURNE(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
MELBOURNE(config-router)#network 192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
MELBOURNE(config-router)#network 20.20.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
MELBOURNE(config-router)#^Z
MELBOURNE#
SINGAPORE Router Configurations:
R3#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#hostname SINGAPORE
SINGAPORE(config)#int s3/1
SINGAPORE(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0
SINGAPORE(config-if)#no shut
SINGAPORE(config-if)#exit
SINGAPORE(config)#int lo3
SINGAPORE(config-if)#ip address 30.30.30.1 255.255.255.0
SINGAPORE(config-if)#no shut
SINGAPORE(config)#router ospf 1
SINGAPORE(config-router)#network 192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
SINGAPORE(config-router)#network 30.30.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
SINGAPORE(config-router)#^Z
VERIFICATIONS:
SINGAPORE#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (30.30.30.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
20.20.20.1 20.20.20.1 177 0x80000003 0x003692 2
30.30.30.1 30.30.30.1 163 0x80000002 0x0077C7 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
20.20.20.1 20.20.20.1 202 0x80000001 0x00CEF2
192.168.12.0 20.20.20.1 202 0x80000001 0x00ED5C
192.168.14.0 20.20.20.1 202 0x80000001 0x005AAD
Summary ASB Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
10.10.13.1 20.20.20.1 202 0x80000001 0x00811B
40.40.40.1 20.20.20.1 202 0x80000001 0x00E81C
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
10.10.10.0 10.10.13.1 991 0x80000001 0x0072ED 0
10.10.11.0 10.10.13.1 991 0x80000001 0x0067F7 0
10.10.12.0 10.10.13.1 991 0x80000001 0x005C02 0
10.10.13.0 10.10.13.1 991 0x80000001 0x00510C 0
40.40.40.0 40.40.40.1 1384 0x80000001 0x007836 0
SINGAPORE#
>> Okay, I’m interested to know the TYPE-5 LSA’s. It has 5 Link ID’s which is correct since I have redistributed 4 IP subnets from MANILA router and 1 subnet from SYDNEY.
>> I have also a TYPE 4 LSA or ASBR Summary LSA. What can we notice here? We have two ASBR routers with Link ID 10.10.12.1 (MANILA Router) and the Link ID 40.40.40.1( SYDNEY router) which is advertise by MELBOURNE Router (20.20.20.1).
Let’s check the Routing table entries,
SINGAPORE#show ip route ospf
Codes: L – local, C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route, H – NHRP, l – LISP
+ – replicated route, % – next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 10.10.10.0 [110/20] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
O E2 10.10.11.0 [110/20] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
O E2 10.10.12.0 [110/20] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
O E2 10.10.13.0 [110/20] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
20.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 20.20.20.1 [110/65] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
40.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 40.40.40.0 [110/20] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
O IA 192.168.12.0/24 [110/128] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
O IA 192.168.14.0/24 [110/192] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:47, Serial3/1
SINGAPORE#
>>> So as expected, I can see an OSPF External Type 2 routes or so called redistributed routes into OSPF.
Let’s check the LSDB of MELBOURNE, SINGAPORE and SYDNEY:
MELBOURNE#show ip ospf database | begin Type-5
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
10.10.10.0 10.10.13.1 1581 0x80000001 0x0072ED 0
10.10.11.0 10.10.13.1 1581 0x80000001 0x0067F7 0
10.10.12.0 10.10.13.1 1581 0x80000001 0x005C02 0
10.10.13.0 10.10.13.1 1581 0x80000001 0x00510C 0
40.40.40.0 40.40.40.1 1974 0x80000001 0x007836 0
Summary ASB Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
10.10.13.1 20.20.20.1 796 0x80000001 0x00811B
40.40.40.1 20.20.20.1 796 0x80000001 0x00E81C
>> MELBOURNE Router can reach the two ASBR.
MANILA#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (10.10.13.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.10.13.1 10.10.13.1 1199 0x80000006 0x00E34B 2
20.20.20.1 20.20.20.1 861 0x80000004 0x002A9E 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
30.30.30.1 20.20.20.1 817 0x80000001 0x00E77B
192.168.14.0 10.10.13.1 1260 0x80000001 0x00B3AF
192.168.23.0 20.20.20.1 851 0x80000001 0x0074CA
Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
40.40.40.1 10.10.13.1 1260 0x80000001 0x00421E
Router Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.10.13.1 10.10.13.1 1259 0x80000005 0x000CE3 2
40.40.40.1 40.40.40.1 1655 0x80000004 0x00A4F2 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
20.20.20.1 10.10.13.1 1169 0x80000001 0x002D6F
30.30.30.1 10.10.13.1 816 0x80000001 0x0046F7
192.168.12.0 10.10.13.1 1250 0x80000001 0x00C99B
192.168.23.0 10.10.13.1 850 0x80000001 0x00D247
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
10.10.10.0 10.10.13.1 1649 0x80000001 0x0072ED 0
10.10.11.0 10.10.13.1 1649 0x80000001 0x0067F7 0
10.10.12.0 10.10.13.1 1649 0x80000001 0x005C02 0
10.10.13.0 10.10.13.1 1649 0x80000001 0x00510C 0
40.40.40.0 40.40.40.1 31 0x80000002 0x007637 0
>> As seen from MANILA Router, it only have the SYDNEY as the ASBR.
NOW, what I want to do is to go straight and make MELBOURNE and SINGAPORE routers as Totally Stub Area routers. As observed the OSPF adjacency were reset.
MELBOURNE(config)#router ospf 1
MELBOURNE(config-router)#area 1 stub no-summary <<<< This is the key command to remember for a Totally Stub Area
MELBOURNE(config-router)#^Z
MELBOURNE#
*Jul 29 18:08:04.943: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 30.30.30.1 on Serial3/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Adjacency forced to reset
*Jul 29 18:08:05.379: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
MELBOURNE#
SINGAPORE(config)#router ospf 1
SINGAPORE(config-router)#area 1 stub no-summary <<<< This is the key command to remember for a Totally Stub Area
SINGAPORE(config-router)#
*Jul 29 18:07:56.723: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 20.20.20.1 on Serial3/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Adjacency forced to reset
SINGAPORE(config-router)#
*Jul 29 18:08:20.307: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 20.20.20.1 on Serial3/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
SINGAPORE(config-router)#
Now, let’s check the OSPF DATABASE on all the routers,
SINGAPORE#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (30.30.30.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
20.20.20.1 20.20.20.1 265 0x80000005 0x005078 2
30.30.30.1 30.30.30.1 264 0x80000004 0x0091AD 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
0.0.0.0 20.20.20.1 271 0x80000001 0x00C937
SINGAPORE#
>> As seen from the results above, there were NO more Type 4 LSA or ASBR Summary LSA because the Stub Routers get rid of of the Type 5 LSA or the External LSA’s or Autonoumous System External LSA’s.
>> What we have now is just Type 3 LSA default route via MELBOURNE router (20.20.20.1).
>> We also have the Router LSA or Type 1 LSA’s which is required to established the OSPF adjacency.
Now, I want to show the ROUTING TABLE entries on SINGAPORE router.
SINGAPORE#show ip route ospf
Codes: L – local, C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route, H – NHRP, l – LISP
+ – replicated route, % – next hop override
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.23.2 to network 0.0.0.0
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 192.168.23.2, 00:09:27, Serial3/1
SINGAPORE#
>> All the previous Inter-Area Routes and the External Routes were no longer installed on the SINGAPORE router just what we have seen on it’s LSDB.
>> The default Route were considered as O IA which is Type 3 LSA or Summary LSA. Interesting right?
>> So with this results, we can conclude that Totally Stub Area will not allow any Type 4 LSA, Type 5 LSA and all the External routes ( Type 5 LSA) and Inter-Area Routes ( Type 3 LSA) will be converted to just a SINGLE LSA TYPE 3 DEFAULT route. Make sense?
Let’s check MELBOURNE router LSDB and Routing table.
MELBOURNE#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (20.20.20.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.10.13.1 10.10.13.1 723 0x80000007 0x00E14C 2
20.20.20.1 20.20.20.1 295 0x80000005 0x00289F 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
30.30.30.1 20.20.20.1 994 0x80000003 0x00E37D
192.168.14.0 10.10.13.1 723 0x80000002 0x00B1B0
192.168.23.0 20.20.20.1 295 0x80000002 0x0072CB
Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
40.40.40.1 10.10.13.1 723 0x80000002 0x00401F
Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
20.20.20.1 20.20.20.1 1003 0x80000005 0x005078 2
30.30.30.1 30.30.30.1 1004 0x80000004 0x0091AD 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
0.0.0.0 20.20.20.1 1009 0x80000001 0x00C937
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
10.10.10.0 10.10.13.1 976 0x80000002 0x0070EE 0
10.10.11.0 10.10.13.1 976 0x80000002 0x0065F8 0
10.10.12.0 10.10.13.1 976 0x80000002 0x005A03 0
10.10.13.0 10.10.13.1 976 0x80000002 0x004F0D 0
40.40.40.0 40.40.40.1 1358 0x80000002 0x007637 0
>> So for MELBOURNE as an ABR, it has the TYPE 3 LSA, TYPE 4 LSA and the TYPE 5 LSA. take note it has also other types of LSA except for Type 2 ( Network LSA).
MELBOURNE#show ip route ospf
Codes: L – local, C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route, H – NHRP, l – LISP
+ – replicated route, % – next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 10.10.10.0 [110/20] via 192.168.12.1, 00:16:56, Serial3/0
O E2 10.10.11.0 [110/20] via 192.168.12.1, 00:16:56, Serial3/0
O E2 10.10.12.0 [110/20] via 192.168.12.1, 00:16:56, Serial3/0
O E2 10.10.13.0 [110/20] via 192.168.12.1, 00:16:56, Serial3/0
30.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 30.30.30.1 [110/65] via 192.168.23.3, 00:16:46, Serial3/1
40.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 40.40.40.0 [110/20] via 192.168.12.1, 00:16:56, Serial3/0
O IA 192.168.14.0/24 [110/128] via 192.168.12.1, 00:16:56, Serial3/0
MELBOURNE#
>> So I have the External E2 routes and the Inter-Area Routes as well as the OSPF routes. This is what I’m expecting as observed from the LSDB.
NOW, Let’s check MANILA router LSDB and Routing Table.
MANILA#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (10.10.13.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.10.13.1 10.10.13.1 1042 0x80000007 0x00E14C 2
20.20.20.1 20.20.20.1 616 0x80000005 0x00289F 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
30.30.30.1 20.20.20.1 1314 0x80000003 0x00E37D
192.168.14.0 10.10.13.1 1042 0x80000002 0x00B1B0
192.168.23.0 20.20.20.1 616 0x80000002 0x0072CB
Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
40.40.40.1 10.10.13.1 1042 0x80000002 0x00401F
Router Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.10.13.1 10.10.13.1 1042 0x80000006 0x000AE4 2
40.40.40.1 40.40.40.1 1431 0x80000005 0x00A2F3 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
20.20.20.1 10.10.13.1 782 0x80000002 0x002B70
30.30.30.1 10.10.13.1 1314 0x80000001 0x0046F7
192.168.12.0 10.10.13.1 1042 0x80000002 0x00C79C
192.168.23.0 10.10.13.1 523 0x80000002 0x00D048
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
10.10.10.0 10.10.13.1 1295 0x80000002 0x0070EE 0
10.10.11.0 10.10.13.1 1295 0x80000002 0x0065F8 0
10.10.12.0 10.10.13.1 1295 0x80000002 0x005A03 0
10.10.13.0 10.10.13.1 1295 0x80000002 0x004F0D 0
40.40.40.0 40.40.40.1 1678 0x80000002 0x007637 0
>> So again, I have the Type 5 LSA , Type 3 LSA’s, Type 4 LSA and Router LSA’s ( type 1).
MANILA#show ip route ospf
Codes: L – local, C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route, H – NHRP, l – LISP
+ – replicated route, % – next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
20.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 20.20.20.1 [110/65] via 192.168.12.2, 00:47:02, Serial3/0
30.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 30.30.30.1 [110/129] via 192.168.12.2, 00:22:00, Serial3/0
40.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 40.40.40.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.4, 00:48:33, Serial3/2
O IA 192.168.23.0/24 [110/128] via 192.168.12.2, 00:41:43, Serial3/0
MANILA#
>>> I have one entries for External Type 2 Routes coming from SYDNEY as it was redistributed into OSPF.
FINALLY, we have the SYDNEY router LSDB and Routing TABLE,
SYDNEY#SHOW IP OSPf DATabase
OSPF Router with ID (40.40.40.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.10.13.1 10.10.13.1 1438 0x80000006 0x000AE4 2
40.40.40.1 40.40.40.1 1825 0x80000005 0x00A2F3 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
20.20.20.1 10.10.13.1 1178 0x80000002 0x002B70
30.30.30.1 10.10.13.1 1710 0x80000001 0x0046F7
192.168.12.0 10.10.13.1 1438 0x80000002 0x00C79C
192.168.23.0 10.10.13.1 919 0x80000002 0x00D048
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
10.10.10.0 10.10.13.1 1691 0x80000002 0x0070EE 0
10.10.11.0 10.10.13.1 1691 0x80000002 0x0065F8 0
10.10.12.0 10.10.13.1 1691 0x80000002 0x005A03 0
10.10.13.0 10.10.13.1 1691 0x80000002 0x004F0D 0
40.40.40.0 40.40.40.1 42 0x80000003 0x007438 0
SYDNEY#show ip ospf route
Codes: L – local, C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route, H – NHRP, l – LISP
+ – replicated route, % – next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 10.10.10.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 01:01:30, Serial3/2
O E2 10.10.11.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 01:01:30, Serial3/2
O E2 10.10.12.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 01:01:30, Serial3/2
O E2 10.10.13.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 01:01:30, Serial3/2
20.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 20.20.20.1 [110/129] via 192.168.14.1, 00:53:40, Serial3/2
30.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 30.30.30.1 [110/193] via 192.168.14.1, 00:28:38, Serial3/2
O IA 192.168.12.0/24 [110/128] via 192.168.14.1, 00:55:00, Serial3/2
O IA 192.168.23.0/24 [110/192] via 192.168.14.1, 00:48:21, Serial3/2
SYDNEY#
>>> So as seen above, I have the External Type 2 OSPF Routes ( Type 5 LSA) and Inter-Area Routes.
CONNECTIVITY TEST:
SYDNEY#ping 30.30.30.1 source 40.40.40.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 30.30.30.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 40.40.40.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 164/182/196 ms
SYDNEY#traceroute 30.30.30.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 30.30.30.1
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
1 192.168.14.1 120 msec 92 msec 96 msec
2 192.168.12.2 128 msec 128 msec 188 msec
3 192.168.23.3 248 msec 188 msec 220 msec
SYDNEY#
NETWORK LESSON 
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